1.Identification
1.1 GHS Product identifier
| Product name | (R)-lactic acid |
|---|
1.2 Other means of identification
| Product number | - |
|---|---|
| Other names | D-lactate |
1.3 Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use
| Identified uses | For industry use only. |
|---|---|
| Uses advised against | no data available |
1.4 Supplier's details
1.5 Emergency phone number
| Emergency phone number | - |
|---|---|
| Service hours | Monday to Friday, 9am-5pm (Standard time zone: UTC/GMT +8 hours). |
2.Hazard identification
2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture
Skin irritation, Category 2
Serious eye damage, Category 1
2.2 GHS label elements, including precautionary statements
| Pictogram(s) |  |
|---|---|
| Signal word | Danger |
| Hazard statement(s) | H315 Causes skin irritation H318 Causes serious eye damage |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| Prevention | P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. |
| Response | P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water/... P321 Specific treatment (see ... on this label). P332+P313 If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention. P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P310 Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor/… |
| Storage | none |
| Disposal | none |
2.3 Other hazards which do not result in classification
none
3.Composition/information on ingredients
3.1 Substances
| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number | Concentration |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (R)-lactic acid | (R)-lactic acid | 10326-41-7 | none | 100% |
4.First-aid measures
4.1 Description of necessary first-aid measures
General advice
Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
If inhaled
If breathed in, move person into fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact
Wash off with soap and plenty of water. Consult a physician.
In case of eye contact
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
If swallowed
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Rinse mouth with water. Consult a physician.
4.2 Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed
no data available
4.3 Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary
Immediate First Aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention.
5.Fire-fighting measures
5.1 Extinguishing media
Suitable extinguishing media
Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
5.2 Specific hazards arising from the chemical
no data available
5.3 Special protective actions for fire-fighters
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
6.Accidental release measures
6.1 Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. For personal protection see section 8.
6.2 Environmental precautions
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided.
6.3 Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas; Environmental precautions: Do not let product enter drains; Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.
7.Handling and storage
7.1 Precautions for safe handling
Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed. For precautions see section 2.2.
7.2 Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage. Hygroscopic.
8.Exposure controls/personal protection
8.1 Control parameters
Occupational Exposure limit values
no data available
Biological limit values
no data available
8.2 Appropriate engineering controls
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
8.3 Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment (PPE)
Eye/face protection
Safety glasses with side-shields conforming to EN166. Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).
Skin protection
Wear impervious clothing. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace. Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique(without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands. The selected protective gloves have to satisfy the specifications of EU Directive 89/686/EEC and the standard EN 374 derived from it.
Respiratory protection
Wear dust mask when handling large quantities.
Thermal hazards
no data available
9.Physical and chemical properties
| Physical state | Solid |
|---|---|
| Colour | Crystals (melt at 16.8°C) |
| Odour | Odorless |
| Melting point/ freezing point | 258°C(lit.) |
| Boiling point or initial boiling point and boiling range | 119°C/4mmHg(lit.) |
| Flammability | no data available |
| Lower and upper explosion limit / flammability limit | no data available |
| Flash point | 42°C(lit.) |
| Auto-ignition temperature | no data available |
| Decomposition temperature | no data available |
| pH | The pH of a 10 wt% aqueous solution of lactic acid is 1.75 |
| Kinematic viscosity | Viscosities of aqueous lactic acid at 25°C: 1.042 mPa s (6.29 wt%), 1.752 mPa s (25.02 wt%), 4.68 mPa s (54.94 wt%), 36.9 mPa s (88.60 wt%) |
| Solubility | Completely soluble in water |
| Partition coefficient n-octanol/water (log value) | log Kow = -0.72 |
| Vapour pressure | 0.015mmHg at 25°C |
| Density and/or relative density | 1.276g/cm3 |
| Relative vapour density | no data available |
| Particle characteristics | no data available |
10.Stability and reactivity
10.1 Reactivity
no data available
10.2 Chemical stability
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
10.3 Possibility of hazardous reactions
no data available
10.4 Conditions to avoid
no data available
10.5 Incompatible materials
Incompatible materials: Bases, Oxidizing agents, Reducing agents
10.6 Hazardous decomposition products
When heated to decompositionit emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
11.Toxicological information
Acute toxicity
- Oral: LD50 Rat oral 3730 mg/kg
- Inhalation: LC50 Rat inhalation 7.94 mg/L/4 hr
- Dermal: no data available
Skin corrosion/irritation
no data available
Serious eye damage/irritation
no data available
Respiratory or skin sensitization
no data available
Germ cell mutagenicity
no data available
Carcinogenicity
no data available
Reproductive toxicity
no data available
STOT-single exposure
no data available
STOT-repeated exposure
no data available
Aspiration hazard
no data available
12.Ecological information
12.1 Toxicity
- Toxicity to fish: no data available
- Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: no data available
- Toxicity to algae: no data available
- Toxicity to microorganisms: no data available
12.2 Persistence and degradability
AEROBIC: Lactic acid reached 22% of its theoretical BOD in 5 days using a sewage inoculum(1). In a closed bottle screening test, lactic acid, present at 2 mg/L, reached 12, 67, and 88% of its theoretical BOD after 5, 15, and 30 days, respectively, using an activated sludge inoculum(2). Lactic acid reached 59% of its theoretical BOD in 5 days using a sludge inoculum and the Warburg screening test(3). Lactic acid, present at 500 mg/L, reached 27.5, 29.4, and 33.3% of its theoretical BOD in 6, 12, and 24 hours, respectively, using an activated sludge inoculum at 2500 mg/L(4). Lactic acid was found to be easily biodegradable by biological sewage treatment(5). Lactic acid, present at 100 mg/L, reached 76% of its theoretical BOD in 2 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L in the Japanese MITI test which classified the compound as readily biodegradable(6).
12.3 Bioaccumulative potential
An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated for lactic acid(SRC), using a log Kow of -0.72(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).
12.4 Mobility in soil
Experimental Koc values for lactic acid on a clastic mud (3.5% organic carbon) and a lateritic muddy sand (1.3% organic carbon) were 5.7 and <0.08, respectively(1). Utilizing an HPLC method, the Koc of lactic acid (93% aqueous solution) on soil and sewage sludge at neutral pH and pH 2 was <20.9(2). According to a classification scheme(3), these Koc values suggest that lactic acid is expected to have very high mobility in soil. The pKa of lactic acid is 3.86(4), indicating that this compound will exist partially to almost entirely in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(5).
12.5 Other adverse effects
no data available
13.Disposal considerations
13.1 Disposal methods
Product
The material can be disposed of by removal to a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs, feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.
Contaminated packaging
Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and offered for recycling or reconditioning. Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.
14.Transport information
14.1 UN Number
| ADR/RID: UN3265 | IMDG: UN3265 | IATA: UN3265 |
14.2 UN Proper Shipping Name
| ADR/RID: CORROSIVE LIQUID, ACIDIC, ORGANIC, N.O.S. |
| IMDG: CORROSIVE LIQUID, ACIDIC, ORGANIC, N.O.S. |
| IATA: CORROSIVE LIQUID, ACIDIC, ORGANIC, N.O.S. |
14.3 Transport hazard class(es)
| ADR/RID: 8 | IMDG: 8 | IATA: 8 |
14.4 Packing group, if applicable
| ADR/RID: III | IMDG: III | IATA: III |
14.5 Environmental hazards
| ADR/RID: no | IMDG: no | IATA: no |
14.6 Special precautions for user
no data available
14.7 Transport in bulk according to Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and the IBC Code
no data available
15.Regulatory information
15.1 Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in question
| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number |
|---|---|---|---|
| (R)-lactic acid | (R)-lactic acid | 10326-41-7 | none |
| European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS) | Listed. | ||
| EC Inventory | Listed. | ||
| United States Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory | Listed. | ||
| China Catalog of Hazardous chemicals 2015 | Not Listed. | ||
| New Zealand Inventory of Chemicals (NZIoC) | Listed. | ||
| Philippines Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances (PICCS) | Not Listed. | ||
| Vietnam National Chemical Inventory | Not Listed. | ||
| Chinese Chemical Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances (China IECSC) | Listed. | ||
16.Other information
Information on revision
| Creation Date | Aug 10, 2017 |
|---|---|
| Revision Date | Aug 10, 2017 |
Abbreviations and acronyms
- CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
- ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
- RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
- IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
- IATA: International Air Transportation Association
- TWA: Time Weighted Average
- STEL: Short term exposure limit
- LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
- LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
- EC50: Effective Concentration 50%
References
- IPCS - The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home
- HSDB - Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
- IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
- eChemPortal - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website: http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en
- CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
- ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
- ERG - Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg
- Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website: http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp
- ECHA - European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/