1.Identification
1.1 GHS Product identifier
| Product name | 1,2-Epoxybutane |
|---|
1.2 Other means of identification
| Product number | - |
|---|---|
| Other names | Ethylethylene Oxide |
1.3 Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use
| Identified uses | For industry use only. The primary use of 1,2-epoxybutane is as a stabilizer in chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents. 1,2-Epoxybutane is used in the production of the corresponding butylene glycols and their derivatives. It is also used to make butanolamines, surface-active agents, and gasoline additives. |
|---|---|
| Uses advised against | no data available |
1.4 Supplier's details
1.5 Emergency phone number
| Emergency phone number | - |
|---|---|
| Service hours | Monday to Friday, 9am-5pm (Standard time zone: UTC/GMT +8 hours). |
2.Hazard identification
2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture
Flammable liquids, Category 2
Acute toxicity - Oral, Category 4
Acute toxicity - Dermal, Category 4
Skin irritation, Category 2
Eye irritation, Category 2
Acute toxicity - Inhalation, Category 4
Specific target organ toxicity – single exposure, Category 3
Carcinogenicity, Category 2
2.2 GHS label elements, including precautionary statements
| Pictogram(s) |    |
|---|---|
| Signal word | Danger |
| Hazard statement(s) | H225 Highly flammable liquid and vapour H302 Harmful if swallowed H312 Harmful in contact with skin H315 Causes skin irritation H319 Causes serious eye irritation H332 Harmful if inhaled H335 May cause respiratory irritation H351 Suspected of causing cancer |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| Prevention | P210 Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking. P233 Keep container tightly closed. P240 Ground and bond container and receiving equipment. P241 Use explosion-proof [electrical/ventilating/lighting/...] equipment. P242 Use non-sparking tools. P243 Take action to prevent static discharges. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P201 Obtain special instructions before use. P202 Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. |
| Response | P303+P361+P353 IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water [or shower]. P370+P378 In case of fire: Use ... to extinguish. P301+P312 IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/…if you feel unwell. P330 Rinse mouth. P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water/... P312 Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/…if you feel unwell. P321 Specific treatment (see ... on this label). P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P332+P313 If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention. P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P337+P313 If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P308+P313 IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/ attention. |
| Storage | P403+P235 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool. P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. P405 Store locked up. |
| Disposal | P501 Dispose of contents/container to ... |
2.3 Other hazards which do not result in classification
none
3.Composition/information on ingredients
3.1 Substances
| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number | Concentration |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1,2-Epoxybutane | 1,2-Epoxybutane | 106-88-7 | none | 100% |
4.First-aid measures
4.1 Description of necessary first-aid measures
General advice
Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
If inhaled
Fresh air, rest. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.
In case of skin contact
First rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, then remove contaminated clothes and rinse again. Refer for medical attention .
In case of eye contact
First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.
If swallowed
Rinse mouth. Induce vomiting (ONLY IN CONSCIOUS PERSONS!). Rest. Refer for medical attention .
4.2 Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed
Inhalation: intolerable odor and irritation; respiratory injury may occur at higher levels. Ingestion causes irritation of mouth and stomach. Contact with either liquid or vapor may cause burns of eyes. Liquid produces frostbite-type of skin burn if free to evaporate; if confined to skin, burn may cause skin sensitization; not readily absorbed in toxic amounts. (USCG, 1999)
4.3 Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary
Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Ethylene oxide and related compounds/
5.Fire-fighting measures
5.1 Extinguishing media
Suitable extinguishing media
Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
5.2 Specific hazards arising from the chemical
Behavior in Fire: Containers may explode in fire. Use water to cool container from safe distance. (USCG, 1999)
5.3 Special protective actions for fire-fighters
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
6.Accidental release measures
6.1 Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. For personal protection see section 8.
6.2 Environmental precautions
Evacuate danger area! Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Personal protection: filter respirator for organic vapours of low boiling point adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance.
6.3 Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Wear respiratory protection. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all sources or ifnition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Beware of vapors accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapors can accumulate in low areas...
7.Handling and storage
7.1 Precautions for safe handling
Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed. For precautions see section 2.2.
7.2 Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Fireproof. Separated from incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers. Cool. Store only if stabilized.Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities: Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers which are opened must be carfully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
8.Exposure controls/personal protection
8.1 Control parameters
Occupational Exposure limit values
no data available
Biological limit values
no data available
8.2 Appropriate engineering controls
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
8.3 Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment (PPE)
Eye/face protection
Safety glasses with side-shields conforming to EN166. Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).
Skin protection
Wear impervious clothing. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace. Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique(without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands. The selected protective gloves have to satisfy the specifications of EU Directive 89/686/EEC and the standard EN 374 derived from it.
Respiratory protection
Wear dust mask when handling large quantities.
Thermal hazards
no data available
9.Physical and chemical properties
| Physical state | COLOURLESS LIQUID |
|---|---|
| Colour | Colorless liquid |
| Odour | Disagreeable odor |
| Melting point/ freezing point | 49°C(lit.) |
| Boiling point or initial boiling point and boiling range | 63°C(lit.) |
| Flammability | Highly flammable. |
| Lower and upper explosion limit / flammability limit | Lower flammable limit: 1.7% by volume & upper flammable limit: 19% by volume |
| Flash point | -15°C |
| Auto-ignition temperature | 370°C |
| Decomposition temperature | no data available |
| pH | Approximately 7 at 50 g/L at 20°C |
| Kinematic viscosity | 0.40 mPa.s at 25°C |
| Solubility | greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 17.22°C |
| Partition coefficient n-octanol/water (log value) | log Kow = 0.68 (OECD Method 107) |
| Vapour pressure | 140 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| Density and/or relative density | 0.829g/mLat 25°C(lit.) |
| Relative vapour density | 2.2 (vs air) |
| Particle characteristics | no data available |
10.Stability and reactivity
10.1 Reactivity
no data available
10.2 Chemical stability
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
10.3 Possibility of hazardous reactions
Dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame or powerful oxidizers.The vapour is heavier than air and may travel along the ground; distant ignition possible. The vapour mixes well with air, explosive mixtures are easily formed. As a result of flow, agitation, etc., electrostatic charges can be generated.Epoxides, such as 1,2-BUTYLENE OXIDE, are highly reactive. They polymerize in the presence of catalysts or when heated. Contact with anhydrous metal halides; amino, hydroxyl and carboxyl functions; inorganic acids and charcoal may cause polymerization. These polymerization reactions can be violent. Compounds in this group react with acids, bases, and oxidizing and reducing agents. They react, possibly violently with water in the presence of acid and other catalysts.
10.4 Conditions to avoid
no data available
10.5 Incompatible materials
Incompatible materials: Oxidizing agents.
10.6 Hazardous decomposition products
When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and fumes.
11.Toxicological information
Acute toxicity
- Oral: LD50 rat (oral) 900 mg/kg body weight
- Inhalation: LC50 rat (inhalation, 4 hr) > 6,300 < 20,000 mg/cu m
- Dermal: no data available
Skin corrosion/irritation
no data available
Serious eye damage/irritation
no data available
Respiratory or skin sensitization
no data available
Germ cell mutagenicity
no data available
Carcinogenicity
Evaluation: No epidemiological data relevant to the carcinogenicity of 1,2-epoxybutane were available. There is limited evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of 1,2-epoxybutane. Overall evaluation: 1,2-Epoxybutane is possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B). In making the overall evaluation, the Working Group took into consideration that 1,2-epoxybutane is a direct acting alkylating agent which is mutagenic in a range of test systems.
Reproductive toxicity
No information is available on the reproductive or developmental effects of 1,2-epoxybutane in humans. In a developmental inhalation study, the pregnancy rate of rabbits was reduced but birth defects were not observed at high doses; these results may be confounded by a high rate of maternal mortality. No reproductive or developmental effects were observed in an inhalation study of rats.
STOT-single exposure
no data available
STOT-repeated exposure
no data available
Aspiration hazard
no data available
12.Ecological information
12.1 Toxicity
- Toxicity to fish: no data available
- Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: no data available
- Toxicity to algae: no data available
- Toxicity to microorganisms: no data available
12.2 Persistence and degradability
AEROBIC: 1-Butene oxide, present at 100 mg/L, reached 100% of its theoretical BOD in 4 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L in the Japanese MITI test which classified the compound as readily biodegradable(1); 1,2-butanediol was formed as the degradation product(1). 1-Butene oxide failed the ready biodegradability test (OECD 301D, closed bottle, sewage sludge test) with 17% degradation after 29-30 days(2,3). In a CO2-Headspace test according to ISO 14593 (activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted), 80-90% degradation of 1-butene oxide was reached within 28 days which classified the compound as readily biodegradable(3,4). Using OECD Guideline 301A (new version, Ready Biodegradability: DOC Die Away Test), 80-90% degradation was reached within 28 days(3,4). A conclusion from the available test results is that 1-butene oxide is readily biodegradable(3).
12.3 Bioaccumulative potential
An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for 1-butene oxide(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.68(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(2), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).
12.4 Mobility in soil
Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of 1-butene oxide can be estimated to be 10(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that 1-butene oxide is expected to have very high mobility in soil.
12.5 Other adverse effects
no data available
13.Disposal considerations
13.1 Disposal methods
Product
The material can be disposed of by removal to a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs, feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.
Contaminated packaging
Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and offered for recycling or reconditioning. Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.
14.Transport information
14.1 UN Number
| ADR/RID: UN3022 | IMDG: UN3022 | IATA: UN3022 |
14.2 UN Proper Shipping Name
| ADR/RID: 1,2-BUTYLENE OXIDE, STABILIZED |
| IMDG: 1,2-BUTYLENE OXIDE, STABILIZED |
| IATA: 1,2-BUTYLENE OXIDE, STABILIZED |
14.3 Transport hazard class(es)
| ADR/RID: 3 | IMDG: 3 | IATA: 3 |
14.4 Packing group, if applicable
| ADR/RID: II | IMDG: II | IATA: II |
14.5 Environmental hazards
| ADR/RID: no | IMDG: no | IATA: no |
14.6 Special precautions for user
no data available
14.7 Transport in bulk according to Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and the IBC Code
no data available
15.Regulatory information
15.1 Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in question
| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1,2-Epoxybutane | 1,2-Epoxybutane | 106-88-7 | none |
| European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS) | Listed. | ||
| EC Inventory | Listed. | ||
| United States Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory | Listed. | ||
| China Catalog of Hazardous chemicals 2015 | Listed. | ||
| New Zealand Inventory of Chemicals (NZIoC) | Listed. | ||
| Philippines Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances (PICCS) | Listed. | ||
| Vietnam National Chemical Inventory | Listed. | ||
| Chinese Chemical Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances (China IECSC) | Listed. | ||
16.Other information
Information on revision
| Creation Date | Aug 10, 2017 |
|---|---|
| Revision Date | Aug 10, 2017 |
Abbreviations and acronyms
- CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
- ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
- RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
- IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
- IATA: International Air Transportation Association
- TWA: Time Weighted Average
- STEL: Short term exposure limit
- LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
- LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
- EC50: Effective Concentration 50%
References
- IPCS - The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home
- HSDB - Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
- IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
- eChemPortal - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website: http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en
- CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
- ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
- ERG - Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg
- Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website: http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp
- ECHA - European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/