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1.Identification
1.1 GHS Product identifier
| Product name | 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene |
|---|
1.2 Other means of identification
| Product number | - |
|---|---|
| Other names | 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene |
1.3 Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use
| Identified uses | For industry use only. Fuels and fuel additives,Intermediates,Paint additives and coating additives not described by other categories,Solvents (for cleaning or degreasing),Solvents (which become part of product formulation or mixture) |
|---|---|
| Uses advised against | no data available |
1.4 Supplier's details
1.5 Emergency phone number
| Emergency phone number | - |
|---|---|
| Service hours | Monday to Friday, 9am-5pm (Standard time zone: UTC/GMT +8 hours). |
2.Hazard identification
2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture
Flammable liquids, Category 3
Skin irritation, Category 2
Eye irritation, Category 2
Acute toxicity - Inhalation, Category 4
Specific target organ toxicity – single exposure, Category 3
Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term (Chronic) - Category Chronic 2
2.2 GHS label elements, including precautionary statements
| Pictogram(s) |    |
|---|---|
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statement(s) | H226 Flammable liquid and vapour H315 Causes skin irritation H319 Causes serious eye irritation H332 Harmful if inhaled H335 May cause respiratory irritation H411 Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| Prevention | P210 Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking. P233 Keep container tightly closed. P240 Ground and bond container and receiving equipment. P241 Use explosion-proof [electrical/ventilating/lighting/...] equipment. P242 Use non-sparking tools. P243 Take action to prevent static discharges. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P273 Avoid release to the environment. |
| Response | P303+P361+P353 IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water [or shower]. P370+P378 In case of fire: Use ... to extinguish. P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water/... P321 Specific treatment (see ... on this label). P332+P313 If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention. P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P337+P313 If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P312 Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/…if you feel unwell. P391 Collect spillage. |
| Storage | P403+P235 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool. P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. P405 Store locked up. |
| Disposal | P501 Dispose of contents/container to ... |
2.3 Other hazards which do not result in classification
none
3.Composition/information on ingredients
3.1 Substances
| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number | Concentration |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene | 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene | 95-63-6 | none | 100% |
4.First-aid measures
4.1 Description of necessary first-aid measures
General advice
Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
If inhaled
Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.
In case of skin contact
Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.
In case of eye contact
First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.
If swallowed
Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer for medical attention .
4.2 Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed
Harmful if inhaled or swallowed. Vapor or mist is irritating to the eyes, mucous membrane and upper respiratory tract. Prolonged contact can cause dermatitis, nausea, headache, dizziness, and narcotic effect. (USCG, 1999)
4.3 Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary
Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Aromatic hydrocarbons and related compounds/
5.Fire-fighting measures
5.1 Extinguishing media
Suitable extinguishing media
This chemical is a flammable liquid. Poisonous gases are produced in fire. Small fires: dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, or alcohol-resistant foam. Large fires: water spray, fog, or alcohol foam. Move container from fire if you can do so without risk. Spray cooling water on containers that are exposed to flames until well after fire is out. For massive fire in cargo area, use unmanned hose holder or monitoring nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. Isolate for one-half mile in all directions if tank car or truck is involved in fire. Vapors are heavier than air and will collect in low areas. Vapors may travel long distances to ignition sources and flashback. Vapors in confined areas may explode when exposed to fire. Containers may explode in fire. Storage containers and parts of containers may rocket great distances, in many directions. If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters. Notify local health and fire officials and pollution control agencies. From a secure, explosion-proof location, use water spray to cool exposed containers. If cooling streams are ineffective (venting sound increases in volume and pitch, tank discolors, or shows any signs of deforming), withdraw immediately to a secure position. If employees are expected to fight fires, they must be trained and equipped in OSHA 1910.156. /Trimethyl benzenes/
5.2 Specific hazards arising from the chemical
Excerpt from ERG Guide 128 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible)]: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. Substance may be transported hot. For hybrid vehicles, ERG Guide 147 (lithium ion batteries) or ERG Guide 138 (sodium batteries) should also be consulted. If molten aluminum is involved, refer to ERG Guide 169. (ERG, 2016)
5.3 Special protective actions for fire-fighters
Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
6.Accidental release measures
6.1 Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. For personal protection see section 8.
6.2 Environmental precautions
Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment.
6.3 Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
Evacuate and restrict persons not wearing protective equipment from area of spill or leak until cleanup is complete. Remove all ignition sources. Establish forced ventilation to keep levels below explosive limit. Absorb liquids in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, peat, carbon, or similar material and deposit in sealed containers. Keep this chemical out of a confined space ... because of the possibility of an explosion ... It may be necessary to contain and dispose of this chemical as a hazardous waste. If material or contaminated runoff enters waterways, notify downstream users of potentially contaminated waters. Contact your Department of Environmental Protection or your regional office of the federal EPA for specific recommendations. If employees are required to clean up spills, they must be properly trained and equipped. OSHA 1910.120(q) may be applicable. /Trimethyl benzenes/
7.Handling and storage
7.1 Precautions for safe handling
Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use.Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed. For precautions see section 2.2.
7.2 Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Fireproof. Separated from strong oxidants. Well closed. Keep in a well-ventilated room.Prior to working with this chemical you should be trained on its proper handling and storage. Before entering a confined space where this chemical may be present, check to make sure that an explosive concentration does not exist. Trimethylbenzene must be stored to avoid contact with oxidizers (such as perchlorates, peroxides, permanganates, chlorates, and nitrates), and strong oxidizers (such as chlorine, bromine, and fluorine) since violent reactions occur. Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area away from heat. Sources of ignition such as smoking and open flames are prohibited where this chemical is used, handled, or stored in a manner that could create a potential fire or explosion hazard. Metal containers involving the transfer of 5 gallons or more of this chemical should be grounded and bonded. Drums must be equipped with self-closing valves, pressure vacuum bungs, and flame arresters. Use only nonsparking tools and equipment, especially when opening and closing containers of this chemical. /Trimethyl benzenes/
8.Exposure controls/personal protection
8.1 Control parameters
Occupational Exposure limit values
Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hr Time-Weighted Avg: 25 ppm (125 mg/cu m).
Biological limit values
no data available
8.2 Appropriate engineering controls
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.
8.3 Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment (PPE)
Eye/face protection
Safety glasses with side-shields conforming to EN166. Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).
Skin protection
Wear impervious clothing. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace. Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique(without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands. The selected protective gloves have to satisfy the specifications of EU Directive 89/686/EEC and the standard EN 374 derived from it.
Respiratory protection
Wear dust mask when handling large quantities.
Thermal hazards
no data available
9.Physical and chemical properties
| Physical state | clear liquid |
|---|---|
| Colour | Clear, colorless liquid |
| Odour | Distinctive, aromatic odor |
| Melting point/ freezing point | 148°C(lit.) |
| Boiling point or initial boiling point and boiling range | 169°C |
| Flammability | Class II Flammable LiquidFlammable. |
| Lower and upper explosion limit / flammability limit | Lower flammable limit: 0.9% by volume; Upper flammable limit: 6.4% by volume |
| Flash point | 44°C(lit.) |
| Auto-ignition temperature | 500°C (USCG, 1999) |
| Decomposition temperature | no data available |
| pH | no data available |
| Kinematic viscosity | no data available |
| Solubility | 0.006 % (NIOSH, 2016) |
| Partition coefficient n-octanol/water (log value) | log Kow = 3.78 |
| Vapour pressure | 4.5 mm Hg ( 37.7 °C) |
| Density and/or relative density | 0.88 |
| Relative vapour density | 4.1 (vs air) |
| Particle characteristics | no data available |
10.Stability and reactivity
10.1 Reactivity
no data available
10.2 Chemical stability
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
10.3 Possibility of hazardous reactions
MODERATE FIRE RISK.1,2,4-TRIMETHYLBENZENE is incompatible with the following: Oxidizers, nitric acid (NIOSH, 2016).
10.4 Conditions to avoid
no data available
10.5 Incompatible materials
Oxidizers (perchlorates, peroxides, permanganates, chlorates, nitrates), strong oxidizers (chlorine, bromine, fluorine), and nitric acid. /Trimethyl benzenes/
10.6 Hazardous decomposition products
The substance decomposes on burning producing toxic and irritating fumes.
11.Toxicological information
Acute toxicity
- Oral: LD50 Rat (male, Wistar) oral 6.0 g/kg /98% Pseudocumene/
- Inhalation: LC50 Rat inhalation >2000 ppm/48 hr
- Dermal: no data available
Skin corrosion/irritation
no data available
Serious eye damage/irritation
no data available
Respiratory or skin sensitization
no data available
Germ cell mutagenicity
no data available
Carcinogenicity
no data available
Reproductive toxicity
no data available
STOT-single exposure
no data available
STOT-repeated exposure
no data available
Aspiration hazard
no data available
12.Ecological information
12.1 Toxicity
- Toxicity to fish: LC50 Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) 7.72 mg/L/96 hr (confidence limit 7.19 - 8.28 mg/L), flow-through bioassay with measured concentrations, 25.0°C, dissolved oxygen 7.3 mg/L, hardness 44.9 mg/L calcium carbonate, alkalinity 41.6 mg/L calcium carbonate, and pH 7.24.
- Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: EC50; Species: Daphnia magna (Water flea, age 4-6 days, 1.5 mm); Conditions: freshwater, static, 23°C, pH 6-7, dissolved oxygen 5-9 mg/L; Concentration: 30 mmol/cu m for 48 hr (95% confidence interval: 13-69 mmol/cu m); Effect: intoxication, immobilization
- Toxicity to algae: no data available
- Toxicity to microorganisms: no data available
12.2 Persistence and degradability
AEROBIC: 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene present at 100 mg/L, reached 4-18% of its theoretical BOD in 4 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L and the Japanese MITI test(1). Complete removal of 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene (at 0.068 ug/mL soil extract) from sandy loam soil samples contaminated with jet fuel was reported within 5 days; sterile samples with 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene at 0.057 ug/mL soil extract also showed complete removal of this compound within 5 days, probably by evaporation(2). 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene at 1.2 mg/L was completely biodegraded in an aerobic aquifer microcosm in 8 days and in a nitrate-reducing aquifer microcosm within 21 days(3). Aquifer microcosms under anaerobic conditions showed litlle biodegradation in comparison to a poisoned control over a 100 day period(3). 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene was biodegraded under denitrifying conditions in an aquifer microcosm (96% degradation in 13 days)(4). 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene at 500 mg/L was inoculated with activated sludge from three different treatment plants; during the first 24 hours this compound was toxic to all three sludges(5). In longer aeration periods, 7.5 days, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene was significantly biodegraded (oxygen uptake about 2000 mg/L)(5).
12.3 Bioaccumulative potential
BCF values of 33-275 and 31-207 were measured in carp exposed to 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene at concentrations of 0.2 and 0.02 mg/L, respectively(1). According to a classification scheme(2), these BCF values suggest that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is moderate to high, provided the compound is not metabolized by the organism(SRC).
12.4 Mobility in soil
A Koc value of 537 was measured for 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene in a German soil (80.5% sand 12.3% silt, 7.2% clay, 2.48% organic carbon). According to a suggested classification scheme(2), this Koc value suggests that 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene will have low mobility in soil(SRC).
12.5 Other adverse effects
no data available
13.Disposal considerations
13.1 Disposal methods
Product
The material can be disposed of by removal to a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs, feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.
Contaminated packaging
Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and offered for recycling or reconditioning. Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.
14.Transport information
14.1 UN Number
| ADR/RID: UN3295 | IMDG: UN3295 | IATA: UN3295 |
14.2 UN Proper Shipping Name
| ADR/RID: HYDROCARBONS, LIQUID, N.O.S. |
| IMDG: HYDROCARBONS, LIQUID, N.O.S. |
| IATA: HYDROCARBONS, LIQUID, N.O.S. |
14.3 Transport hazard class(es)
| ADR/RID: 3 | IMDG: 3 | IATA: 3 |
14.4 Packing group, if applicable
| ADR/RID: III | IMDG: III | IATA: III |
14.5 Environmental hazards
| ADR/RID: yes | IMDG: yes | IATA: yes |
14.6 Special precautions for user
no data available
14.7 Transport in bulk according to Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and the IBC Code
no data available
15.Regulatory information
15.1 Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in question
| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene | 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene | 95-63-6 | none |
| European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS) | Listed. | ||
| EC Inventory | Listed. | ||
| United States Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory | Listed. | ||
| China Catalog of Hazardous chemicals 2015 | Listed. | ||
| New Zealand Inventory of Chemicals (NZIoC) | Listed. | ||
| Philippines Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances (PICCS) | Listed. | ||
| Vietnam National Chemical Inventory | Listed. | ||
| Chinese Chemical Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances (China IECSC) | Listed. | ||
16.Other information
Information on revision
| Creation Date | Aug 12, 2017 |
|---|---|
| Revision Date | Aug 12, 2017 |
Abbreviations and acronyms
- CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
- ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
- RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
- IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
- IATA: International Air Transportation Association
- TWA: Time Weighted Average
- STEL: Short term exposure limit
- LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
- LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
- EC50: Effective Concentration 50%
References
- IPCS - The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home
- HSDB - Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
- IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
- eChemPortal - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website: http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en
- CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
- ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
- ERG - Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg
- Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website: http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp
- ECHA - European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/